8,945 research outputs found
Constraints From Gauge Coupling Unification On The Scale Of Supersymmetry Breaking
We reanalyze precision LEP data and coupling constant unification in the
minimal supersymmetric model including the evolution of the gaugino
masses. We derive general bounds on the primordial gaugino
supersymmetry-breaking mass-scale in terms of the various input
parameters. The model cannot accommodate m_{1/2}<1\TeV for values of \as <
0.115, even for extreme values of the other inputs. We emphasize
the sensitivity of this type of calculations to the various input parameters.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure not included, ACT-10/9
Two-loop relation between the bare lattice coupling and the MSbar coupling in pure SU(N) gauge theories
We report the result of a computation of the relation between the
renormalized coupling in the MSbar scheme of dimensional regularization and the
bare coupling in the standard lattice formulation of the SU(N) Yang-Mills
theory to two-loop order of perturbation theory and discuss some of its
implications.Comment: 10 pages, postscript fil
Proper Motion of the Faint Star near KIC 8462852 (Boyajian's Star) - Not a Binary System
A faint star located 2 arcsec from KIC 8462852 was discovered in Keck 10 m
adaptive optics imaging in the near-infrared (NIR) in 2014 by Boyajian et
al. (2016). The closeness of the star to KIC 8462852 suggested the two could
constitute a binary, which might have implications for the cause of the
brightness dips seen by {\it Kepler} (Boyajian et al. (2016) and in
ground-based optical studies Boyajian et al. (2018). Here, NIR imaging in 2017
using the Mimir instrument resolved the pair and enabled measuring their
separation. The faint star had moved milliarcsec (mas) relative to
KIC 8462852 since 2014. The relative proper motion of the faint star is mas yr, for a tangential velocity of km s if
it is at the same 390 pc distance as KIC 8462852. Circular velocity at the 750
AU current projected separation is km s, hence the star pair
cannot be bound.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure
Matching the Low and High Energy Determinations of in the MSSM
Recent calculations of supersymmetric corrections to the conflicting ratios
and have shown that an alleged discrepancy between the SM
predictions of these observables and the corresponding experimental values can
be cured in the MSSM within a certain region of the parameter space. Here we
show that, in this very same region, also a well-known discrepancy between the
low and high energy determinations of can be disposed of.
Specifically, we find that the lineshape determination of the strong coupling
constant, which in the SM points towards the large central value , can be matched up with the value
suggested by the wealth of low-energy data, namely ,
which is smaller and more in line with the traditional QCD expectations at low
energy. Our approach differs from previous analyses in that we argue that the
desired matching could originate to a large extent from a purely electroweak
supersymmetric quantum effect.Comment: 16 pages, LaTeX. Figures included and a few comments added. Full
postscript version with figures embedded also available at
ftp://ftp.ifae.es/preprint/ft/uabft365.p
Paramyxovirus Glycoprotein Incorporation, Assembly and Budding: A Three Way Dance for Infectious Particle Production
Paramyxoviruses are a family of negative sense RNA viruses whose members cause serious diseases in humans, such as measles virus, mumps virus and respiratory syncytial virus; and in animals, such as Newcastle disease virus and rinderpest virus. Paramyxovirus particles form by assembly of the viral matrix protein, the ribonucleoprotein complex and the surface glycoproteins at the plasma membrane of infected cells and subsequent viral budding. Two major glycoproteins expressed on the viral envelope, the attachment protein and the fusion protein, promote attachment of the virus to host cells and subsequent virus-cell membrane fusion. Incorporation of the surface glycoproteins into infectious progeny particles requires coordinated interplay between the three viral structural components, driven primarily by the matrix protein. In this review, we discuss recent progress in understanding the contributions of the matrix protein and glycoproteins in driving paramyxovirus assembly and budding while focusing on the viral protein interactions underlying this process and the intracellular trafficking pathways for targeting viral components to assembly sites. Differences in the mechanisms of particle production among the different family members will be highlighted throughout
Radiative Corrections to Neutralino and Chargino Masses in the Minimal Supersymmetric Model
We determine the neutralino and chargino masses in the MSSM at one-loop. We
perform a Feynman diagram calculation in the on-shell renormalization scheme,
including quark/squark and lepton/slepton loops. We find generically the
corrections are of order 6%. For a 20 GeV neutralino the corrections can be
larger than 20%. The corrections change the region of
parameter space which is ruled out by LEP data. We demonstrate that, e.g., for
a given and the lower limit on the parameter can shift
by 20 GeV.Comment: 11 pages, JHU-TIPAC-930030, PURD-TH-93-13, uses epsf.sty, 6 uuencoded
postscript figures, added one sentence and a referenc
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Impaired insulin profiles following a single night of sleep restriction: the impact of acute sprint interval exercise
Experimental sleep restriction (SR) has demonstrated reduced insulin sensitivity in healthy individuals. Exercise is well-known to be beneficial for metabolic health. A single bout of exercise has the capacity to increase insulin sensitivity for up to 2 days. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine if sprint interval exercise could attenuate the impairment in insulin sensitivity after one night of SR in healthy males. Nineteen males were recruited for this randomized crossover study which consisted of four conditions—control, SR, control plus exercise, and sleep restriction plus exercise. Time in bed was 8 hr (2300–0700) in the control conditions and 4 hr (0300–0700) in the SR conditions. Conditions were separated by a 1-week entraining period. Participants slept at home, and compliance was assessed using wrist actigraphy. Following the night of experimental sleep, participants either conducted sprint interval exercise or rested for the equivalent duration. An oral glucose tolerance test was then conducted. Blood samples were obtained at regular intervals for measurement of glucose and insulin. Insulin concentrations were higher in SR than control (p = .022). Late-phase insulin area under the curve was significantly lower in sleep restriction plus exercise than SR (862 ± 589 and 1,267 ± 558; p = .004). Glucose area under the curve was not different between conditions (p = .207). These findings suggest that exercise improves the late postprandial response following a single night of SR
Analysis of cathepsin and furin proteolytic enzymes involved in viral fusion protein activation in cells of the bat reservoir host
10.1371/journal.pone.0115736PLoS ONE102e011573
Influence of Light and Heavy Thresholds on SUSY Unification
In this paper we study and compare susy unification using two different
approaches in order to take into account the effect of light particle
thresholds on the evolution of gauge couplings: the step--function
approximation, on the one hand, and a mass dependent procedure, which gives a
more accurate description of the dependence of the results on the masses, on
the other. We also include the effect of heavy thresholds, when is
chosen as the unifying group. We find that the mass--dependent procedure
excludes scenarios where all susy masses are below , and favors a value
of near its upper experimental bound, contrary to the results
obtained with the step--function approximation. We underline the dependence of
the results on the procedure chosen to deal with light thresholds.Comment: 18 pages,LAEFF-93/014,REVTEX-2.1, 5 figures not included, available
upon request (include FAX number)
The Human Metapneumovirus Small Hydrophobic Protein has Properties Consistent with Those of a Viroporin and Can Modulate Viral Fusogenic Activity
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) encodes three glycoproteins: the glycoprotein, which plays a role in glycosaminoglycan binding, the fusion (F) protein, which is necessary and sufficient for both viral binding to the target cell and fusion between the cellular plasma membrane and the viral membrane, and the small hydrophobic (SH) protein, whose function is unclear. The SH protein of the closely related respiratory syncytial virus has been suggested to function as a viroporin, as it forms oligomeric structures consistent with a pore and alters membrane permeability. Our analysis indicates that both the full-length HMPV SH protein and the isolated SH protein transmembrane domain can associate into higher-order oligomers. In addition, HMPV SH expression resulted in increases in permeability to hygromycin B and alteration of subcellular localization of a fluorescent dye, indicating that SH affects membrane permeability. These results suggest that the HMPV SH protein has several characteristics consistent with a putative viroporin. Interestingly, we also report that expression of the HMPV SH protein can significantly decrease HMPV F protein-promoted membrane fusion activity, with the SH extracellular domain and transmembrane domain playing a key role in this inhibition. These results suggest that the HMPV SH protein could regulate both membrane permeability and fusion protein function during viral infection.
IMPORTANCE: Human metapneumovirus (HMPV), first identified in 2001, is a causative agent of severe respiratory tract disease worldwide. The small hydrophobic (SH) protein is one of three glycoproteins encoded by all strains of HMPV, but the function of the HMPV SH protein is unknown. We have determined that the HMPV SH protein can alter the permeability of cellular membranes, suggesting that HMPV SH is a member of a class of proteins termed viroporins, which modulate membrane permeability to facilitate critical steps in a viral life cycle. We also demonstrated that HMPV SH can inhibit the membrane fusion function of the HMPV fusion protein. This work suggests that the HMPV SH protein has several functions, though the steps in the HMPV life cycle impacted by these functions remain to be clarified
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